A matrix scheme, also known as a Matrix Site, Elevator Scheme, Escalator Scheme or Ladder Scheme, is a business model involving the exchange of money for a certain product with a side bonus of being added to a waiting list for a product of greater value than the amount given. Matrix schemes are also sometimes considered similar to Ponzi or pyramid schemes. They have been called unsustainable by the United Kingdom's Office of Fair Trading. The Matrix Scheme is also an example of an exploding queue in Queueing Theory.

History

The first known matrix scheme is widely believed to be EZExpo.com, which started the popularity of Matrix Schemes in 2002. By 2003 more than 200 matrix schemes were in operation, including one which had the same owner as the payment processor Stormpay (TymGlobal). Subsequently TymGlobal and Stormpay were accused of running an illegal Ponzi scheme. Stormpay later claimed to be independent of TymGlobal, and they no longer accept matrix schemes. Although many have since ceased trading, some schemes are still known to be operating worldwide.